Genome-editing techniques are promising tools in plant breeding. To facilitate a more comprehensive understanding of the use of genome editing, EU-SAGE developed an interactive, publicly accessible online database of genome-edited crop plants as described in peer-reviewed scientific publications.
The aim of the database is to inform interested stakeholder communities in a transparent manner about the latest evidence about the use of genome editing in crop plants. Different elements including the plant species, traits, techniques, and applications can be filtered in this database.
Regarding the methodology, a literature search in the bibliographic databases and web pages of governmental agencies was conducted using predefined queries in English. Identifying research articles in other languages was not possible due to language barriers. Patents were not screened.
Peer-reviewed articles were screened for relevance and were included in the database based on pre-defined criteria. The main criterium is that the research article should describe a research study of any crop plant in which a trait has been introduced that is relevant from an agricultural and/or food/feed perspective. The database does neither give information on the stage of development of the crop plant, nor on the existence of the intention to develop the described crop plants to be marketed.
This database will be regularly updated. Please contact us via the following webpage in case you would like to inform us about a new scientific study of crops developed for market-oriented agricultural production as a result of genome editing

Displaying 298 results

Traits related to increased plant yield and growth

Increased fruit size. Highly branched inflorescence and formation of multiple flowers.
( Rodri­guez-Leal et al., 2017 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
University of Massachusetts Amherst, USA
Semi-dwarf phenotype. High varieties are challenged by weak lodging and damages caused by storms, dwarf varieties are suitable for mechanized plant maintenance and fruit harvesting.
( Shao et al., 2020 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Hunan Agricultural University
Chinese Academy of Sciences
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
University of Florida, USA
Increased shatter resistance to avoid seed loss during mechanical harvest.
( Braatz et al., 2017 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Germany
Increased seeds number per husk, higher seed weight.
( Yang et al., 2018 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Huazhong Agricultural University, China
Confer shoot architectural changes for increased resource inputs to increase crop yield.
( Stanic et al., 2021 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
University of Calgary, Canada
SRM Institute of Technology, India
Improve plant architecture to increase yield. Plant height and branch number are directly correlated with yield.
( Zheng et al., 2020 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Ministry of Agriculture, China
Wilkes University, USA
Semi-dwarf phenotype and compact architecture to increase yield. Plant height and branch angle are the major architectural factors determining yield.
( Fan et al., 2021 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China
Wilkes University, USA
Improved root growth under high and low nitrogen conditions.
( Wang et al., 2017 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Anhui Agricultural University
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Only female flowers. Allows earlier production of hybrids, higher yield, and more concentrated fruit set.
( Hu et al., 2017 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,
China
High temperature germination. Large increases in the maximum temperature for seed germination to allow for the cultivation of the crop in production areas with higher temperature.
( Bertier et al., 2018 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
University of California, USA
Increased grain yield under field drought stress conditions and no yield loss under well-watered conditions.
( Shi et al., 2017 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
DuPont Pioneer, USA
Early flowering under long day conditions of higher latitudes to spread production of maize over a broad range of latitudes rapidly.
( Huang et al., 2018 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
University of Wisconsin, USA
Improvement of yield by reducing the "easy to shatter" trait. Reduced seed shattering ensures better stability during the harvesting processes and improved yields.
( Sheng et al., 2020 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Hunan Agricultural University
Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center
Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Increased yield under different environmental conditions: well-watered, drought, normal nitrogen and low nitrogen field conditions and at multiple geographical locations.
(Wang et al., 2020)
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Sinobioway Bio-Agriculture Group Co.
Ltd
Corteva Agriscience
Johnston, USA
Improved rice photosynthetic efficiency and yield: increased light saturation points, stomatal conductance, light tolerance and photosynthetic yields.
(Ye et al., 2021)
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
South China Agricultural University, China
Semi-dwarf phenotype to improve product and lodging resistance.
( Zhang et al., 2020 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Control grain size and seed coat color.
( Tra et al., 2021 )

BE
International Rice Research Institute, Philippines
Dahlem Center of Plant Sciences Freie Universität, Germany
Synthetic Biology, Biofuel and Genome Editing R&
D Reliance Industries Ltd, India
Increased yield potential by nitrogen use efficiency. Nitrogen fertilizer has been applied broadly to increase yield. However, low nitrogen use efficiency causes environmental pollution and ecological deterioration by the nitrogen fertilizers.
( Zhang et al., 2021 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Zhengzhou University, China
Improved grain yield by modulating pyruvate enzymes and cell cycle proteins, leading to increased grain size. The grain size is a major determinant for rice yield and a vital trait for domestication and breeding.
( Usman et al., 2020 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Guangxi University
South China Agricultural University, China
Improved yield and fragrance.
( Usman et al., 2020 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Guangxi University
South China Agricultural University, China
Early flowering and maturity. Flowering time (heading date) is an important trait for crop yield and cultivation.
( Wang et al., 2020 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Sinobioway Bio-Agriculture Group, Co., China
Corteva™ Agriscience, USA
Improved high-density yield and drought/osmotic stress tolerance.
( Chen et al., 2020 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Texas Tech University, USA
Regulate shade avoidance. Soybean displays the classic shade avoidance syndrome (SAS), which leads to yield reduction and lodging under density farming conditions.
( Lyu et al., 2020 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Jilin Agricultural University
Shandong Agricultural University
Northeast Agricultural University, China
Increasing the number of seeds per pod (NSPP), an important yield determinant.
( Cai et al., 2021 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
South China Agricultural University, China
Control flowering time, an important determinant for soybean yield and adaptation.
( Li et al., 2020 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Chinese Academy of Sciences
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
Guangzhou University
Agronomy College of Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University
Nanjing Agricultural University
Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Late flowering. Photoperiod sensitivity limits geographical range of cultivation.
( Cai et al., 2017 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Bushy phenotype and increased tiller production.
( Liu et al., 2017 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Iowa State University, USA
Improve biomass yield and salinity tolerance.
( Guan et al., 2020 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
China Agricultural University
Shandong institute of agricultural sustainable development
Beijing Sure Academy of Biosciences, China
Oklahoma State University, USA
Improved plant architecture: increased shoot branching, reduced plant height, increased number of leaves and nodes and reduced total plant biomass.
(Gao et al., 2018)
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Southwest University
Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, China
Haploid induction to accelerate breeding in crop plants.
( Kelliher et al., 2017 )
SDN1
TALENs
Syngenta Seeds, USA
Enhancing grain-yield-related traits by increases in meristem size
( Liu et al., 2021 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Cold Spring Harbor
University of Massachusetts Amherst, USA
Improved field performance: higher yield, producing on average 5.5 bushels per acre more. Waxy corn.
(Gao et al., 2020)
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Corteva Agriscience, USA
Plant architecture: high tillering and reduced height.
(Butt et al., 2018)
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Saudi Arabia
Improved nitrogen use efficiency.
( Li et al., 2018 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Huazhong Agricultural University, China
University of California, USA
Improvement of grain weight. Longer panicle.
( Xu et al., 2016 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
China National Rice Research Institute, China
China Three Gorges University, China
Altered grain number per panicle and increased seed weight.
( Li et al., 2016 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
Altered grain number per panicle.
( Shen et al., 2016 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
National Rice Research Institute, China
Increased seed weight.
( Hu et al., 2018 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Fudan University, China
Increased seed weight.
( Shen et al., 2017 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Yangzhou University, China
Increased seed weight.
( Ji et al., 2017 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Agronomy College of Henan Agricultural University, China
Genetic diversity.
( Shen et al., 2017 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Yangzhou University, China
Promote outgrowth buds and increase tiller number.
( Lu et al., 2017 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Wuhan Institute of Bioengineering
Huazhong Agricultural University
Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
Generating male sterility lines (MLS). Using MLS in hybrid seed production for monoclinous crops reduces costs and ensures high purity of the varieties because it does not produce pollen and has exserted stigmas. Complete abolition of pollen development.
( Lee et al., 2016 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Kyung Hee University, South Korea
Generating male sterility lines (MLS). Using MLS in hybrid seed production for monoclinous crops reduces costs and ensures high purity of the varieties because it does not produce pollen and has exserted stigmas.
( Li et al., 2016 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
Generating male sterility lines (MLS). Using MLS in hybrid seed production for monoclinous crops reduces costs and ensures high purity of the varieties because it does not produce pollen and has exserted stigmas.
( Xie et al., 2017 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
South China Agricultural University, China
Regulation of pollen tube growth. The tube grows in female reproductive tissues to transport two sperm cells into the embryo sac for double fertilization during sexual reproduction.
( Liu et al., 2017 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Chinese Academy of Sciences
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
Increased grain number per main panicle and an increased seed settling rate.
( Qian et al., 2017 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
China Agricultural University, China
Grain yield, regulation of seed development.
( Yuan et al., 2017 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Nanjing Agricultural University, China
Generation of important yield-related trait characteristics: dense and erect panicles and reduced plant height.
(Wang et al., 2017)
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Syngenta Biotechnology, China
Regulating fruit ripening, one of the most important concerns in the study of fleshy fruit species.
( Ito et al., 2015 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
National Food Research Institute, Japan
Bigger seedlings.
( Lor et al., 2014 )
SDN1
TALENs
University of Minnesota, USA
Early flowering. Day-light sensitivity limited the geographical range of cultivation.
( Soyk et al., 2016 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, USA
Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Germany
Université Paris-Scalay, France
Promote growth of axillary buds. Lateral branches develop from the axillary buds. The number of side branches is very important to plant architecture, which influences the yield and quality of the plant.
( Li et al., 2021 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Guizhou University
Northwest A&
F University
Shandong Agricultural University
Northeast Agricultural University
Shanxi University, China
Oxford University
University of Bedfordshire, UK
Control meristem size to increase fruit yield.
( Yuste-Lisbona et al., 2020 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Universidad de Almería
Universitat Politècnica de València–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
Spain
Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research
Thünen Institute of Forest Genetics, Germany
Université Paris-Saclay, France
Altered spike architecture and grain treshability to increase grain production.
( Liu et al., 2020 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Longer grains and increased glume cell length.
( Sheng et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
China Agricultural University
Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
Bigger grains, increased grain weight.
( Zhang et al., 2018 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
Faster seedling growth.
( Zhou et al., 2018 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
University of Maryland, USA
Reduced seed dormancy: rapid and uniform germination of seeds is important for rice production. Mutant seeds began to germinate 1 day after sowing, while WT seeds needed 2 days.
(Jung et al., 2019)
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Hankyong National University
Chungbuk National University
Hanyang University, China
Central Luzon State University, Philippines
Plants with longer primary roots and more crown roots, as well as increased sensitivity to auxins and cytokinins. The rice root system is important for growth.
( Mao et al., 2019 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Fudan University
Sichuan Agricultural University
Shanghai Normal University
Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
Plant development. Phenotypes consistent with increased GA response: tall and slender with light green vegetation.
(Lor et al., 2014)
SDN1
TALENs
University of Minnesota, USA
Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
Increased spine density. The “numerous spines (ns)” cucumber varieties are popular in Europe and West Asia.
( Liu et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Enhanced rice grain yield by decoupling panicle number and size
( Song et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Shandong Agricultural University
Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, China
Regulated inflorescence and flower development. More flowers and more fruit produced upon vibration-assisted fertilization.
( Hu et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Université de Toulouse, France
Chongqing University, China
Enhanced photosynthesis and increases seed yield.
( Hu et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Nanjing Agricultural University
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Henan Institute of Science and Technology, China
Increase in floral organ number or fruit size, conferring enhanced tomato fruit yield.
( Rodriguez-Leal et al., 2017 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
University of Massachusetts Amherst, USA
Helical and vine-like growth. Helical growth is an economical way for plant to obtain resources.
( Yang et al., 2020 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Huazhong Agricultural University, China
Semi-dwarf phenotype. Plant height is an important agronomic trait of rice, it directly affects the yield potential and lodging resistance.
( Han et al., 2019 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Guangxi University
South China Agricultural University
Guangxi University, China
Semi-dwarf phenotype with desired agronomic traits: tolerance to low phosporus levels and broad-spectrum resistance to diseases and insects.
(Hu et al., 2019)
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
China National Rice Research Institute, China
Range of beneficial phenotypes: additional tillers and smaller culms and panicles.
(Cui et al., 2020)
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
China National Rice Research Institute
Huazhong Agricultural University, China
Yangzhou University, Nagoya University, Japan
Positive regulation for grain dormancy. Lack of grain dormancy in cereal crops causes losses in yield and quality because of preharvest sprouting.
( Lawrenson et al., 2015 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Norwich Research Park, UK
Murdoch University, Australia
Combine agronomically desirable traits with useful traits present in wild lines. Threefold increase in fruit size and a tenfold increase in fruit number. Fruit lycopene accumulation is improved by 500% compared with the widely cultivated S. lycopersicum.
( Zsögön et al., 2018 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Universidade de São Paulo Paulo, Brazil
University of Minnesota, USA
Universität Münster, Germany
Customize tomato cultivars for urban agriculture: increased compactness and decreased growth cycle of tomato plants.
(Kwon et al., 2020)
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Cornell University
University of Florida, USA
Wonkwang University, South Korea
Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel
Compact architecture with a smaller petiole angle than wild-type plants.
( Zhang et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University
Beijing Vocational College of Agriculture
Xiamen University, China
Optimum increase in phloem-transportation capacity leads to improved sink strength in tomato to increase agricultural crop production.
( Nam et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Pohang University of Science and Technology
Wonkwang University, South Korea
Increased seed number per silique, which increases the mustard yield per plant.
( Wang et al., 2021 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Huazhong Agricultural University, China
Increased grain yield without side effect.
( Gho et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Kyung Hee University, South Korea
International Rice Research Institute, Philippines
Increased plant yield due to architectural changes. Leaf inclination: maize plants with upright leaves can be planted at higher densities without shading.
(Brekke et al., 2011)
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Iowa State University, USA
Increased bending strength. Stalk lodging, which is generally determined by stalk strength, results in considerable yield loss and has become a primary threat to maize yield under high-density planting.
( Zhang et al., 2020 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
China Agricultural University, China
Iowa State University, USA
Increased density by early-flowering phenotype under long-day conditions.
( Li et al., 2020 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Shandong Agricultural University
South China Agricultural University
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, China
Semi-dwarf phenotype with increased lodging resistance.
( Zhang et al., 2020 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Altered plant architecture to inrease yield: increased node number on the main stem and branch number.
(Bao et al., 2019)
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Huazhong Agricultural University, China
Duy Tan University, Vietnam
RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Japan
Increased nodule numbers. Soybean is a globally important crop for oil production and protein for human diet.
( Bai et al., 2019 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University
Nanchang University, China
Early-flowering varieties. The timing of flowering is an important event in the life cycle of flowering plants.
( Jiang et al., 2018 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Hunan Agricultural University, China
Université de Strasbourg, France
Improved rice grain shape and appearance quality. Potential application in breeding of rice varieties with optimized grain morphologies. Slender grain shape.
( Zhao et al., 2018 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Yangzhou University, China
Increased yield.
( Zhou et al., 2019 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
Xichang University, China
University of Maryland, USA
Promoted rice growth and productivity.
( Miao et al., 2018 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
Purdue University, USA
Increased yield.
( Huang et al., 2018 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Yunnan University
Chinese Academy of Sciences
BGI-Baoshan, China
Improvement for larger kernel and yield.
( Ma et al., 2015 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Northwest A &
F University
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Increased grain size and modulated shoot architecture.
( Miao et al., 2020 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Zhejiang A&
F University
Nanchang University
Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
Purdue University, USA
Dwarf phenotype. Tomatoes with compact growth habits and reduced plant height can be useful in some environments.
( Tomlinson et al., 2019 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Norwich Research Park, UK
University of Minnesota, USA
Dwarf and high tillering phenotypes.
( Yang et al., 2017 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Shenzhen University
The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China
Increased spikelet number and delayed heading date. Two traits that are crucial and correlated to yield in wheat.
( Chen et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
China Agricultural University, China
Induced erect leaf habit and shoot growth for a more efficient light penetration into lower canopy layers.
( Fladung et al., 2021 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Thünen Institute of Forest Genetics, Germany
Dwarf stature and a lesion-mimic phenotype. Fungal resistance: enhanced resistance to the pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae. Increased content of salicylic acid and induced plant defense responses.
(Ma et al., 2018)
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Peking University
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Improved grain yield by promoting outgrowth buds and increasing tiller number.
( Lu et al., 2018 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Wuhan Institute of Bioengineering
Huazhong Agricultural University, China
Increased yield potential trough improved nitrogen use efficiency. Enhanced tolerance to N starvation, and showed delayed senescence and increased grain yield in field conditions. Lowered use of N fertilizer.
( Zhang et al., 2021 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Zhengzhou University, China
Dwarf phenotype.
( Lawrenson et al., 2015 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Norwich Research Park, UK
Murdoch University, USA
Rapid improvement of domestication traits and genes that control plant architecture, flower production and fruit size. Major productivity traits are improved in an orphan crop.
( Lemmon et al., 2018 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Cold Spring Harbor
The Boyce Thompson Institute
Cornell University, USA
Dwarf phenotype to improve crop yield: lodging-resistant, compact, and perform well under high-density planting.
(Sun et al., 2020)
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Shenyang Agricultural University
National &
Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design &
Application Technology
College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, China
Increase in plant height, tiller number, grain protein content and yield. 1.5- to 2.8-fold increase in total chlorophyll content in the flag leaf at the grain filling stage. Delayed senescence by 10–14 days. High nitrogen content in shoots under low nitrogen conditions.
( Karunarathne et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Murdoch University
Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Australia
Increased tassel branch number (TBN), one of the important agronomic traits that contribute to the efficiency of seed production.
( Guan et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Overexpression causes strongly promoted stem elongation, lower expression resulted in dwarf phenotype.
( Mu et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Improved grain length and weight by promoting cell proliferation in spikelet hull
( Wu et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Chongqing University, China
Increased grain weight and grain size. Carbohydrate and total protein levels also increased.
( Guo et al., 2021 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Sichuan Agricultural University, China
University of California, USA
Altering leaf inclination angle which has the potential to elevate yield in high-density plantings.
( Brant et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
University of Florida
DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, USA
Kastamonu University, Turkey
Improved grain quality without severe yield penalty under nitrogen reduction conditions.
( He et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Rice Research Institute of Shenyang Agricultural University
Tianjin Tianlong Science and Technology Co. LTD.
National Japanica Rice Research and Development Center, China
Enhanced sink strength in tomato, improving fruit setting, and yield contents.
( Nam et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Pohang University of Science and Technology
Wonkwang University, South Korea
Enhanced performance of soybean under dense conditions.
( Ji et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Southern University of Science and Technology, China
Enhanced photosynthesis and decreased leaf angles for improved plant architecture and high yields.
( An et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Huazhong Agricultural University, China
Increased leaf yield of lettuce by delaying the onset of flowering.
( Choi et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology
Korea University of Science and Technology, South Korea
Regulated sepal growth
( Xing et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
China Agricultural University
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Zhejiang University, China
University of Nottingham, UK
Production of enlarged, dome-shaped leaves. Enlarged fruits with increased pericarp thickness due to cell expansion.
( Swinnen et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Ghent University
Center for Plant Systems Biology, Vives, Belgium
Université de Bordeaux, France
Improved rice yield and immunity.
( Li et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Huazhong Agricultural University
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China

Higher yield than wild-type (WT) plants due to increased grain number per panicle, elevated grain weight, and enhanced harvest index.
( Wei et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Shanghai Normal University, China
Improved grain length and weight by promoting cell proliferation.
( Wu et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Chongqing University, China
Promoting nodulation: up-regulation of expression levels of genes involved in nodulation. Nitrogen-fixing symbiotic nodules strongly up regulate yield.
(Wang et al., 2022)
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Beijing Institute of Technology
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Root growth angle regulation, among the most important determinants of root system architecture. Root growth angle controls water uptake capacity, stress resilience, nutrient use efficiency and thus yield of crop plants.
( Kirschner et al., 2021 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
University of Bonn
University of Cologne
Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research Gatersleben
Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany
University of Bologna, Italy

Increased water use efficiency without growth reductions in well-watered conditions.
( Blankenagel et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Technical University of Munich
Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology
German Research Center for Environmental Health
KWS SAAT SE &
Co.KGaA
Université Technique de Munich
Heinrich Heine University, Germany
LEPSE - Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux, France
Early flowering. Certain mutants also showed following phenotypes: determinate flowering, shorter stature and/or basal branching.
(Bellec et al., 2022)
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Université Paris-Saclay, France
Significantly improved photosynthesis and decreased leaf angles. The plant architecture is ideal for dense planting.
( An et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Huazhong Agricultural University, China
Altered tree architecture, exhibited pleiotropic phenotypes: including differences in branch angle and stem growth.
(Dutt et al., 2022)
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
University of Florida, USA
Mansoura University, Egypt
Increased seed oil content (SOC). SOC is a major determinant of yield and quality.
( Karunarathna et al., 2020 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Germany
Zhejiang University, China
Increased rice grain size and yield.
( Wang et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
China National Seed Group Co. Ltd., China
More flowers in both determinate and indeterminate cultivars and more produced fruit.
( Hu et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Université de Toulouse
Université Bordeaux, France
Chongqing University, China
Transformation of a climbing woody perennial, developing axillary inflorescences after many years of juvenility, into a compact plant with rapid terminal flower and fruit development.
( Varkonyi-Gasic et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
The New Zealand Institute for Plant &
Food Research Limited (Plant &
Food Research), University of Auckland, New Zealand
Conferred lodging resistance. Tef is a staple food, and valuable cash crop in Ethiopia. Lodging is a major limitation to its production.
( Beyene et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Donald Danforth Plant Science Center
Corteva Agriscience
Michigan State University, USA
Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Ethiopia
Larger fruits with more locules and larger shoot apical meristem.
( Song et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
South China Agricultural University, China
University of Toulouse, France
Increased yield: plants produced more tillers and grains than azygous wild-type controls and the total yield was increased up to 15 per cent.
(Holubova et al., 2018)
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Palacký University
Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Czech Republic
Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben, Germany
Increased pollen activity, subsequently inducing fruit setting.
( Wu et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
South China Agricultural University
Chongqing University, China
Université de Toulouse, France
Increased water use efficiency, a promising approach for achieving sustainable crop production in changing climate scenarios.
( Blankenagel et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Technical University of Munich
Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology
Helmholtz Center Munich
Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
Improves complex traits such as yield and drought tolerance.
( Lorenzo et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Center for Plant Systems Biology
Ghent University
Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Belgium
Increased total kernel number or kernel weight.
( Kelliher et al., 2019 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Research Triangle Park
University of Georgia, USA
Syngenta Crop Protection, The Netherlands
Improved pod shattering resistance. Pod shattering has been a negatively selected trait in soybean domestication and breeding as it can lead to devastating yield loss of soybean.
( Zhang et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University
Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University
Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, China
Altered spike architecture.
( de Souza Moraes et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Wageningen University and Research, The Netherlands
Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
Norwich Research Park, UK
Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Germany
Reduction of soybean plant height and shortening of the internodes. The height of the soybean plant is a key trait that significantly impacts the yield.
( Cheng et al., 2019 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Guangzhou University
Chinese Academy of Sciences
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
Reduced seed shattering. Seed shattering is one of the main constraints on grain production in African cultivated rice, which causes severe grain losses during harvest.
( Ning et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
China Agricultural University, China
Africa Rice Center, Benin
Increased grain size and chalkiness.
( Li et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Henan Agricultural University, China
Shortened plant architecture and jointless pedicel without affecting the yield. This plant architecture can allow ground cultivation systems that do not require the support of stakes and ties and could be ultimately suitable for once-over mechanical harvesting.
( Lee et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
University of Florida, USA
Elongated, occasionally peanut-like shaped fruit.
( Zheng et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Nagoya University
Kanazawa University, Japan
Huazhong Agricultural University, China
Increased grain size.
( Chen et al., 2020 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
China National Rice Research Institute
Huazhong Agricultural University
Nanchong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Increased grain number due to increased meristem activity and enhanced panicle branching.
( Li et al., 2013 )
SDN1
ZFN
Chinese Academy of Sciences
National Hybrid Rice Research and Development Center
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
China National Hybrid Rice Research and Development Center
Wuhan University, China
Delayed heading date, increased yield and reduced chalkiness under field high temperature stress.
( Li et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Huazhong Agricultural University
Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, China
Semi-dwarf phenotype to improve lodging resistance and increased seed dormancy. Increased seed dormancy can be beneficial for use in the malting industry.
( Cheng et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
University of Tasmania
Murdoch University
Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Australia
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
OsGEF5 and OsGDI1 single mutants show significantly reduced height and longer and thinner grains.
( Shad et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Huazhong Agricultural University
Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, China
Increased grain yield under phosphorus-deficient conditions.
( Ishizaki et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), Japan
Early flowering time. Flowering time (heading date) is an important trait for crop yield and cultivation.
( Yin et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Shenyang Agricultural University, China
Control flowering time, an important determinant for soybean yield and adaptation.
( Wang et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Guangzhou University
Yunnan Agricultural University
Nanjing Agricultural University
Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding of Hebei, China
Increase in 1000-grain weight, grain area, grain width, grain length, plant height, and spikelets per spike.
( Errum et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC)
PARC Institute of Advanced Studies in Agriculture (PIASA)
Pakistan Agricultural Research Council, Pakistan
Altered plant architecture to increase yield: more compact plant architecture.
(Kong et al., 2023)
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Nanjing Agricultural University
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, China
Increased formation of adventitious roots (ARs). The formation of ARs is extremely important to the large-scale vegetative propagation of elite genotypes in many economically important woody species.
( Ran et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Nanjing Forestry University
Yangzhou University, China
Accelerated seedling growth. Because seedling growth and development are the basis of rice tillering and reproduction, rapid seedling growth and fast sprouting from the soil are vital for the emergence rate and yield.
( Teng et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Hangzhou Normal University
Inner Mongolia University
Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Longer root hairs. Root hairs effectively enlarge the soil-root contact area and play essential roles for nutrient and water absorption.
( Yang et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Zhejiang University
Linyi University
Hunan Agricultural University, China
Improved yield under short day conditions.
( Wang et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
South China Agricultural University, China
Increased nitrogen utilization efficiency under high nitrate concentrations.
( Hang et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Guizhou University
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany
Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Delay in the appearance of flower buds and increased yield.
( Beracochea et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas (CONICET)
Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Argentina
Delayed bolting.
( Shin et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Kyung Hee University, South Korea
Delayed bolting.
( Shin et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Kyung Hee University, South Korea
Increased stomatal density, stomatal conductance, photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate. Fine tuning the stomatal traits can enhance climate resilience in crops.
( Rathnasamy et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Tamil Nadu Agricultural University
Sugarcane Breeding Institute, India
Various phenotypic changes were observed of which traits such as plant dwarfing, color, shape, and weight, early flowering, a high number of flowers and early fruit set and maturation, fewer seeds, and reduced and delayed browning of fruits are agronomically important.
( Kodackattumannil et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
United Arab Emirates University, United Arab Emirates
Enhanced photosynthesis.
( Caddell et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service (USDA ARS)
University of California at Berkeley
Utah State University
Texas A&
M University, USA
Increases size of starch granules. Granule size is a key parameter for industrial processing. Larger granules may increase yield during processing and it has been shown in sweet potato that smaller starch granules degrade faster than large granules, so larger granule tubers may be beneficial for storage.
( Pfotenhauer et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
University of Tennessee, USA
Altered plant architecture along with a shorter plant height, grain size and increased spikelets and grain density.
( Zhang et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, China
Early bolting and flowering.
( Wang et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
South China Agricultural University, China
Increased tiller number and grain yield.
( Cui et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
The University of Tokyo
Kyoto University
National Institute of Crop Science, Japan
Leaf inclination: the leaf angle is a trait that contributes to crop yield determination.
(Trionfini et al., 2023)
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Argentina
Increased breaking force, leading to improved lodging resistance.
( Dang et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Shenyang Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Northern geng Super Rice Breeding, China
Super-dwarf phenotype. Rice plants with compact growth habits and reduced plant height can be useful in some environments.
( Peng et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Hunan Agricultural University
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Agricultural College of Yangzhou University
Tianjin Academy of Agriculture Sciences, China
Improved lodging resistance in later growth stages due to shorter plant height with enhanced resistance to rice blast.
( Gang et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Huaiyin Institute of Agricultural Science/Huai'
an Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology
Huaiyin Normal University
China National Rice Research Institute, China
Reduction of plant height through accumulation of ceramides. Plant height is an important agronomic trait of rice, it directly affects the yield potential and lodging resistance.
( Wang et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Nanchang University
Henan Agricultural University, China
Hokkaido University, Japan
Dwarf phenotype. Tomatoes with compact growth habits and reduced plant height can be useful in some environments.
( Ao et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Chongqing University, China
Early heading. Heading date is an important agronomic trait that affects climatic adaptation and yield potential.
( Fan et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Henan Agricultural University, China
Increased shoot branching. The number of side branches is very important to plant architecture, which influences the yield and quality of the plant.
( Chen et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Zhejiang University
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, China
Enhanced grain yield and semi-dwarf phenotype by manipulating brassinosteroid signal pathway.
( Song et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
China Agricultural University, China
Hard Winter Wheat Genetics Research Unit, USA
Enlarged leaf and petal sizes resulting in bigger flowers. The size of a floral organ is one of the ornamental traits of strawberry.
( Zhao et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Shandong Agricultural University, China
Decreased spike rachis node number and increased grain size and weight.
( Fan et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory
Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
China Agricultural University
Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Dwarf phenotype to increase yield.
( Zhou et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Nanchang University
Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Enlarged grain phenotype.
( Wang et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Hebi Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Henan Agricultural University, China
Improved nitrogen use efficiency, growth and yield in low nitrogen environment.
( Liu et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
The University of Tokyo, Japan
Shorter flowering time and increased yield.
( Cheng et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Jilin Normal University
Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Early heading phenotype that escapes from cold stress and achieves high yield potential.
( Zhou et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Nanjing Agricultural University
Institute of Lianyungang Agricultural Science of Xuhuai Area/Lianyungang Institute of Agricultural Sciences
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Delayed heading date with improved yield-related traits e.g. height, tiller number and grain weight.
( Li et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
South China Agricultural University
Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan
Modern Agriculture, China
More and longer lateral roots, more xylem and increased development of secondary vascular tissues: plants more suitable for biofuel and bioenergy production.
(An et al., 2023)
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Zhejiang A &
F University, China
Early flowering phenotype with no adverse effect on yield.
( Shang et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Huazhong Agricultural University
Hubei Hongshan Laboratory
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
University of Nottingham, UK
Altered root architecture with increased tillers and total grain weight.
( Rahim et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Quaid-e-Azam University
National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC)
The University of Haripur, Pakistan
King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
Nile University
Ain Shams University, Egypt
Chonnam National University, South Korea
Altered branch and petiole angles.
( Kangben et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Clemson University
HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology
United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
Cotton incorporated, USA
Improved spikelet number per panicle led to increased grain yield per plant.
( Ludwig et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Philippines
University of Pavia, Italy
Delayed onset of ripening.
( Nizampatnam et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
University of Hyderabad
SRM University-AP, India
Butterhead plant architecture.
( Xie et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Huazhong Agricultural University
Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Increased plant height, longer roots, smaller root growth angle and increased tuber weight.
( Zhao et al., 2024 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Yunnan Agricultural University
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Xuanhan County Plant Quarantine Station
Yuguopu District Agricultural Comprehensive Service Center
Ning'
er County Plant Protection and Plant Quarantine Station, China
Delayed flowering, which can increase grain yield and quality.
( Zhou et al., 2024 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Northeast Forestry University
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
Beidahuang Group Erdaohe Farm CO., China
Increased grain yield and quality.
( Luo et al., 2024 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Guizhou University, China
King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
Shortened flowering time and maturity, determining their favourable latitudinal zone for cultivation.
( Gao et al., 2024 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Syngenta Seed Technology China Co., China
Bigger seeds and increased yield.
( Xie et al., 2024 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Anhui Agricultural University
Anhui Agricultural University
Bellagen Biotechnology Co. Ltd
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs
Southern University of Science and Technology
Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, China
Dwarf phenotype, which can aid in obtaining more compact, densely planted soybean varieties to boost productivity.
( Xiang et al., 2024 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Wuhan Polytechnic University
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Increased grain yield when grown at low latitudes.
( Song et al., 2024 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Zhejiang A&
F University, China
Improved lodging resistance and biomass saccharification.
( Wang et al., 2024 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Shenyang Agricultural University, China
Significantly higher potassium accumulation. Potassium ions are essential nutrients for growth and development of tobacco.
( Gao et al., 2024 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences/National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Center
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Enhanced tillering and yield.
( Jin et al., 2024 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Guizhou University, China
Increased seed size and yields without alterations in plant architecture or seed nutrition.
( Wang et al., 2024 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Northeast Forestry University
Northeast Agricultural University, China
Late flowering phenotype.
( Liu et al., 2024 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
China Agricultural University, China
Increased plant height with an earlier heading date.
( Fu et al., 2024 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Henan Normal University
Sichuan Agricultural University
Henan Agricultural University
Shanxi University, China
Longer rice grains with reduces plant height.
( Xu et al., 2024 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Rice Research Institute of Shenyang Agricultural University
Shenyang Agricultural University, China
Earlier maturation time under both short-day and long-day conditions.
( Wu et al., 2024 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Northeast Agricultural University
Syngenta Biotechnology (China) Co. Ltd, China
Elongated fruit morphology.
( Zhang et al., 2024 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
China Agricultural University
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China
Increased rice grain yield under field conditions.
( Li et al., 2024 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Sichuan Agricultural University
Nanchong Academy of Agricultural Science
Neijiang Academy of Agricultural Science, China
Delayed flowering.
( Kim et al., 2024 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Myongji University, Korea
Earlier heading date. Heading date is one of the key agronomic traits that determines adaptation of rice cultivars.
( Wei et al., 2024 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Yangzhou University
Jiangsu Ruihua Agricultural Technology Co. Ltd, China
Increased grain length and yield.
( Zhang et al., 2024 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Shenyang Agricultural University
Ningbo University, China
Increased grain yield.
( Chen et al., 2024 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Minzu University of China
Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, China
Dwarfing phenotype.
( Sun et al., 2024 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Northwest A&
F University
Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Shanxi Agricultural University, China
Increased tiller number.
( Awan et al., 2024 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering
Quaid-i-Azam University, Pakistan

Traits related to herbicide tolerance

Herbicide resistance.
( Li et al., 2016 )
SDN2
TALENs
Iowa State University, USA
Resistance to imidazolinone herbicides.
( Zhu et al., 2000 )

ODM
Novartis Agricultural Discovery Institute
Pioneer Hi-Bred International, USA
Resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides.
( Okuzaki et al., 2003 )

ODM
Tohoku University, Japan
Herbicide resistance: acetolactate synthase (ALS)
(Jiang et al., 2020)

PE
China Agricultural University
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Henan University, China
Herbicide glyphosate tolerance.
( Arndell et al., 2019 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
CSIRO
New South Wales Department of Primary Industries
The University of Adelaide, Australia
Bispyribac sodium, haloxyfop
( Xu et al., 2021 )

BE
Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Haloxyfop
( Liu et al., 2020 )

BE
Anhui Agricultural University
Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Haloxyfop-R-methyl
( Xu et al., 2020 )

PE
Anhui Academy of Agricultural Science, China
Glyphosate
( Li et al., 2016 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
Glyphosate resistance.
( Ortega et al., 2018 )
SDN2
CRISPR/Cas
New Mexico State University, USA
Bispyribac sodium
( Kuang et al., 2020 )

BE
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
China Agricultural University
Zhejiang University, China
Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Norway
Bialaphos & quizalofop.
( Shukla et al., 2009 )
SDN3
ZFN
Dow AgroSciences
Sangamo BioSciences, USA
Bispyribac sodium
( Butt et al., 2020 )

PE
King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Saudi Arabia
Nicosulfuron
( Zong et al., 2018 )

BE
Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
Resistance to either imidazolinone or sulfonylurea herbicides
( Zhu et al., 1999 )

ODM
Pioneer Hi-Bred International, USA
Resistance to herbicides that inhibit 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS), acetolactate synthase (ALS), or acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACCase) activity.
( Qiao et al., 2022 )

PE
China Agricultural University
Henan University, China
Herbicide (haloxyfop) resistance.
( Li et al., 2020 )

BE
Chinese Academy of Sciences
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
Increased herbicide tolerance.
( Sun et al., 2016 )
SDN2
CRISPR/Cas
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Huazhong Agricultural University, China
Herbicide tolerance: Bispyribac-sodium (BS). BS is a pyrimidinyl carboxy herbicide.
(Zafar et al., 2023)
SDN2
CRISPR/Cas
Constituent College of Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences
Engineering and Management Sciences (BUITEMS), Pakistan
Improved paraquat resistance in rice without obvious yield penalty.
( Lyu et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Zhejiang University, China
Herbicide tolerance: AHAS-inhibiting
(Gocal et al., 2015)

ODM
Cibus, Canada
Cibus, USA
Herbicide tolerance: glyphosate
(Hummel et al., 2017)
SDN3
CRISPR/Cas
Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, USA
Herbicide tolerance: glyphosate
(Sauer et al., 2016)
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Cibus, USA
Glyphosate & hppd inhibitor herbicides, for example tembotrione
( D'Halluin et al., 2013 )
SDN2
CRISPR/Cas
Bayer CropScience N.V, Belgium
Chlorsulfuron
( Svitashev et al., 2016 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
DuPont Pioneer, USA
Imidazolinone & sulfonylurea
( Zhu et al., 1999 )

ODM
Pioneer Hi-Bred International, USA
Herbicide tolerance (ALS-targeting)
( Wang et al., 2020 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Nanjing Branch of Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement
Yangzhou University
Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Jiangsu University, China
CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Australia
Herbicide tolerance: ALS-inhibiting
(Okuzaki et al., 2004)

ODM
Tohoku University, Japan
Herbicide resistance
( Shimatani et al. 2018 )

BE
Kobe University, Japan
University of Tsukuba, Japan
Imazethapyr, imazapic
( Wang et al., 2020 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Nanjing Branch of Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement
Yangzhou University
Jiangsu University, China
CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Australia
Bispyribac sodium
( Butt et al., 2017 )
SDN2
CRISPR/Cas
King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Saudi Arabia
Agricultural Research Center, Egypt
Rice University, USA
Chlorsulfuron
( Svitashev et al., 2015 )
SDN2
CRISPR/Cas
DuPont Pioneer, USA
Chlorsulfuron
( Li et al., 2015 )
SDN2
CRISPR/Cas
DuPont Pioneer Agricultural Biotechnology, USA
Imidizolinone
( Butler et al., 2016 )
SDN2
CRISPR/Cas
Michigan State University
University of Minnesota, USA
Imidizolinone
( Butler et al., 2016 )
SDN2
TALENs
Michigan State University
University of Minnesota, USA
Glyphosate
( Li et al., 2016 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
Glyphosate
( Wang et al., 2021 )

CRISPR/Cas
Huazhong Agricultural University
Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Herboxidiene
( Butt et al., 2019 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Saudi Arabia
Universite Paris-Saclay, France
FCD & bipyrazone
( Lu et al., 2021 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
China Agricultural University
Qingdao Kingagroot Compounds Co. Ltd
Guizhou University
Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
Imazamox
( Shimatani et al. 2017 )

BE
Kobe University
University of Tsukuba
Meijo University, Japan
ALS-inhibiting herbicides broad spectrum: Nicosulfuron, imazapic, pyroxsulam, flucarbazone, bispyriba
(Zhang et al., 2020)

BE
Chinese Academy of Sciences
China Agricultural University, China
Nicosulfuron, mesosulfuron, imazapic, quizalofop
( Zhang et al., 2019 )

BE
Chinese Academy of Sciences
China Agricultural University, China
Tribenuron methyl
( Wu et al., 2020 )

BE
Yangzhou University
Shanghai Normal University, China
Tribenuron
( Tian et al., 2018 )

BE
Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences
China Agricultural University, China
Sulfonylurea
( Li et al., 2019 )

BE
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Qingdao Agricultural University
Anhui Agricultural University, China
Chlorsulfuron
( Veillet et al., 2019 )

BE
Université Rennes 1
INRA PACA
Université Paris-Saclay, France
Chlorsulfuron
( Veillet et al., 2019 )

BE
Université Rennes 1
INRA PACA
Université Paris-Saclay, France
Haloxyfopo-R-methyl
( Li et al., 2018 )

BE
Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
Dinitroanaline
( Liu et al., 2021 )

BE
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
China Agricultural University
Zhejiang University
Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests in Guilin, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China
Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Norway
Dinitroanaline
( Han et al., 2021 )

BE
Shandong Normal University
Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Imidazolinone, haloxyfop-R-methyl, glufosinate, dinitroaniline
( Yan et al., 2021 )

BE
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
China Agricultural University
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs
Jilin Agricultural University
Zhejiang University
Strong ALS-herbicide resistance
( Wang et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, China
Resistance to HPPD-inhibiting herbicides.
( Wu et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China
Herbicide tolerance: resistance to AHAS-inhibiting herbicides.
(Wei et al., 2023)

BE
Nankai University
China Agricultural University, China
Herbicide-resistance (ALS-targeting).
( Shi et al., 2023 )

BE
Henan Biological Breeding Center Co.
The Shennong Laboratory, China
Herbicide tolerant plant.
( Liang et al., 2022 )

CRISPR/Cas
Shanxi University
University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
Shenzhen Polytechnic
Genovo Biotechnology Co. Ltd, China
Chlorsulfuron resistance.
( Huang et al., 2023 )

BE
University of Florida, USA
Increased herbicide tolerance.
( Kaul et al., 2024 )
SDN2
CRISPR/Cas
International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB)
Indian Council of Agricultural Research- Indian Institute of Maize Research
Indian Council of Agricultural Research
ICAR-National Institute of Biotic Stress Management

Traits related to storage performance

Altering tomato fruit ripening and softening, key traits for fleshy fruit. During ripening, fruit will gradually soften which is largely the result of fruit cell wall degradation. Softening may improve the edible quality of fruit but also reduces fruit resistance to pathogenic microorganisms. Fruit softening can cause mechanical damage during storage and transportation as well, which can reduce the storage and shelf life, leading to fruit loss.
( Gao et al., 2021 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
China Agricultural University
South China Agricultural University
Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University
Zhejiang University
Beijing University of Agriculture, China
University of Nottingham, UK
Repressed fruit ripening by repressing ethylene production and lycopene accumulation.
( Li et al., 2018 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
China Agricultural University, China
Delayed fruit ripening.
( Li et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Nanjing Agricultural University, China
University of Connecticut, USA
High vigor and improved storage tolerance of seeds.
( Chen et al., 2022 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Nanjing Agricultural University, China
Increased shelf-life. Banana fruit has a high economic importance but will ripen and decay in one week after exogenous ethylene induction. Fast ripening limits its storage, transportation and marketing.
( Hu et al., 2021 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, China
Improved shelf life.
( Yu et al., 2017 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Science, China
Controlling the rate of fruit softening to extend shelf life.
( Uluisik et al., 2016 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
University of Nottingham
Royal Holloway University of London
Heygates Ltd
Syngenta Seeds
Sutton Bonington Campus, UK
Syngenta Crop Protection
University of California
Cornell University
Skidmore College, USA
Enhancement of flowering time. Petunia has become popular in the floriculture industry, however it is sensitive to ethylene, which causes flower senescence.
( Xu et al., 2021 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Kyungpook National University
Kangwon National University, South Korea
Improved cold storage and processing traits: reduced levels of acrylamide, reduced sugars.
(Clasen et al., 2017)
SDN1
TALENs
Cellectis Plant Science, USA
Reduced enzymatic browning. The formation of dark-colored precipitates in fruits and vegetables causes undesirable changes in organoleptic properties and the loss of nutritional quality.
( Gonzalez et al., 2020 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)
Laboratorio de Agrobiotecnología (INTA)
Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Argentina
Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sweden
Improved seed storability. Deterioration of rice grain reduces the quality of rice, resulting in serious economic losses for farmers.
( Ma et al., 2015 )
SDN1
TALENs
China Agricultural University, China
Improved shelf-life by targeting the genes modulating pectin degradation in ripening tomato.
( Wang et al., 2019 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
University of London
University of Leicester
University of Nottingham
University of Leeds, UK
International Islamic University Malaysia, Malaysia
Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
University of California, USA
Reduced fruit flesh browning. The browning of eggplant berry flesh after cutting has a negative impact on fruit quality for both industrial transformation and fresh consumption.
( Maioli et al., 2020 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
University of Torino, Italy
Instituto de Biologica Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP)
Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain
Delayed fruit ripening.
( Lang et al., 2017 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
Purdue University, USA
Increased seed longevity. Maintaining seed longevity and preventing the decline of quality during long-term storage is a universal problem.
( Wang et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University
Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Ministry of Agriculture and Affairs, China
Improved strawberry fruit firmness. The postharvest shelf life is highly limited by the loss of firmness, making firmness one of the most important fruit quality traits.
( López-Casado et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Universidad de Málaga
Universidad de Córdoba, Spain
Delayed fruit inner ripening.
( Ao et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Chongqing University, China
The fruit remains green and shows higher firmness as well as no early fermentation. This results in extended shelf-life which could reduce food loss and contribute to food security.
( Nonaka et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
University of Tsukuba, Japan
Improved shelf-life with improved or not affected sugar: acid ratio, aroma volatiles, and skin color.
(Ortega-Salazar et al., 2023)
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
University of California, USA
Zhejiang Normal University, China
University of Nottingham, UK
Decreased postharvest water loss with a 17–30% increase in wax accumulation.
( Chen et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
China Agricultural University
Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
University of Nottingham, UK
Extended root shelf-life, which decreases its wastage.
( Mukami et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Kenyatta University
Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture Technology
Pwani University Kilifi, Kenya
Decreased cold-induced sweetening of the potato tubers.
Cold-storage causes undesired sweetening which reduces the quality and the commercial value of the tubers.
( Hassan et al., 2023 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute - Agricultural Research Center
Ain Shams University, Egypt
Delayed onset of riping.
( Jeon et al., 2024 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Kyungpook National University
Sunchon National University, South Korea
Enhanced storage potential of ripening fruits.
( Do et al., 2024 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Kyungpook National University
Sunchon National University
Catholic University of Korea, South Korea
Delayed colour change of fruits.
( Li et al., 2024 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Gansu Agricultural University
Guangxi University
Yangtze University, China
Enhanced oleic acid to linoleic acid ratio. This adjusted ratio can improve the shelf life of peanut oil.
( Rajyaguru et al., 2024 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Junagadh Agricultural University, India
Delayed fruit ripening.
( Santo Domingo et al., 2024 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG)
Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio)
Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaries (IRTA), Spain
Improved fruit firmness which extends the shelf life.
( Yuan et al., 2024 )
SDN1
CRISPR/Cas
Sichuan University, China